逍遙文工作室

[Objective C] NSMutableArray

對應NSArray，接著來練習NSMutableArray！屬於可變 (mutable) 的物件種類，裡頭可以放任何的型態的物件。

常用方法如下：

• -(void) addObject: (id) anObject
  將 anObject 加入陣列
• -(void) removeObject: (id)anObject
  將陣列內所有符合 anObject 的物件刪除
• -(void) sortUsingSelector: (SEL) comparator
  以 comparator 的方法，將陣列的元素加以排序
• -(void) replaceObjectAtIndex: (NSUInteger) index withObject: (id) anObject
  將陣列索引值為 index 的元素取代為 anObject
• -(void) exchangeObjectAtIndex: (NSUInteger) idx1 withObjectAtIndex: (NSUInteger) idx2
  將陣列索引值為 idx1 與 idx2 的元素調換

範例程式碼：

//
//  main.m
//  HappyMan's Program - NSMutableArray
//  Xcode 4.5
//  Created by ShengWen on 12/9/26.
//  Copyright (c) 2012年 ShengWen. All rights reserved.
//  https://cg2010studio.wordpress.com/

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface monster : NSObject
{
    int life;
}
@property int life;
-(void) show;
@end

@interface posion : NSObject
{
    int cure;
}
@property int cure;
-(void) show;
@end

@implementation monster
@synthesize life;
-(void) show{
    NSLog(@"life = %i",life);
}
@end

@implementation posion
@synthesize cure;
-(void) show{
    NSLog(@"cure = %i",cure);
}

@end

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    monster* lion1 = [[monster alloc] init];
    monster* lion2 = [[monster alloc] init];
    monster* lion3 = [[monster alloc] init];
    posion* red1 = [[posion alloc] init];
    posion* red2 = [[posion alloc] init];
    posion* red3 = [[posion alloc] init];
    NSMutableArray* mArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

    lion1.life = 99;
    lion2.life = 199;
    lion3.life = 299;
    red1.cure = 49;
    red2.cure = 149;
    red3.cure = 249;

    // 將物件加入陣列中
    [mArray addObject:lion1];
    [mArray addObject:lion2];
    [mArray addObject:lion3];
    [mArray addObject:red1];
    [mArray addObject:red2];
    [mArray addObject:red3];

    // 使用陣列內物件的方法
    NSLog(@"使用物件方法:");
    [mArray makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(show)];

    // 刪除物件
    NSLog(@"刪除物件:");
    [mArray removeObject:red2];
    [mArray makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(show)];

    // 取代物件
    NSLog(@"取代物件:");
    [mArray replaceObjectAtIndex:2 withObject:red3];
    [mArray makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(show)];

    // 對調物件
    NSLog(@"對調物件:");
    [mArray exchangeObjectAtIndex:0 withObjectAtIndex:2];
    [mArray makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(show)];

    return 0;
}

執行結果：

2012-10-04 23:51:42.926 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] 使用物件方法:

2012-10-04 23:51:42.928 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 99

2012-10-04 23:51:42.929 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 199

2012-10-04 23:51:42.929 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 299

2012-10-04 23:51:42.930 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 49

2012-10-04 23:51:42.930 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 149

2012-10-04 23:51:42.931 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

2012-10-04 23:51:42.931 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] 刪除物件:

2012-10-04 23:51:42.932 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 99

2012-10-04 23:51:42.932 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 199

2012-10-04 23:51:42.933 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 299

2012-10-04 23:51:42.933 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 49

2012-10-04 23:51:42.934 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

2012-10-04 23:51:42.934 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] 取代物件:

2012-10-04 23:51:42.935 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 99

2012-10-04 23:51:42.935 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 199

2012-10-04 23:51:42.936 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

2012-10-04 23:51:42.936 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 49

2012-10-04 23:51:42.937 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

2012-10-04 23:51:42.937 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] 對調物件:

2012-10-04 23:51:42.938 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

2012-10-04 23:51:42.940 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 199

2012-10-04 23:51:42.940 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] life = 99

2012-10-04 23:51:42.941 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 49

2012-10-04 23:51:42.942 HappyMan’s First Program[8898:403] cure = 249

話說，輸出明明就很少，結果大部分的內容都是時間加上專案名稱，下次該把這部分給刪除掉～

參考：Objective-C 陣列物件、NSMutableArray Class Reference、Objective-C 入門指南 – NSMutableArray。

[Objective C] NSArray

來練習一下NSArray怎麼寫吧！屬於不可變 (immutable) 的物件種類，裡頭可以放任何的型態的物件。

常用方法如下：

• +(id) arrayWithObjects: (id) firstObj, …
  將多個物件當做陣列的初始值，最後以 nil 結束
• -(NSUInteger) count
  回傳陣列儲存的物件數量
• -(NSUInteger) indexOfObject: (id) anObject
  若陣列中有物件 anObject，則回傳此物件於陣列中的索引值，否則回傳 NSNotFound
• -(id) objectAtIndex: (NSUInteger) index
  回傳陣列索引值為 index 的物件
• -(void) makeObjectsPerformSelector: (SEL) aSelector
  對陣列內所有物件執行 aSelector 方法

範例程式碼：

//
//  main.m
//  HappyMan's Program - NSArray
//  Xcode 4.5
//  Created by ShengWen on 12/9/26.
//  Copyright (c) 2012年 ShengWen. All rights reserved.
//  https://cg2010studio.wordpress.com/

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    NSString* str1 = @"HappyMan";
    NSString* str2 = @"WaterMan";
    NSString* str3 = @"BrightMan";
    NSArray* mArray;

    // 將物件加入 array
    mArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: str1, str2, str3, nil];
    NSInteger count = [mArray count];
    for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
        NSLog(@"index: %i, value: %@", i, [mArray objectAtIndex: i]);
    }

    // 取得物件的所在位置
    NSInteger index;
    if ((index = [mArray indexOfObject:@"WaterMan"]) != NSNotFound) {
        NSLog(@"陣列的第%li個位置，值為%@", index, [mArray objectAtIndex:index]);
    }
    return 0;
}

執行結果：

2012-10-03 22:57:40.546 HappyMan’s First Program[2451:403] index: 0, value: HappyMan

2012-10-03 22:57:40.548 HappyMan’s First Program[2451:403] index: 1, value: WaterMan

2012-10-03 22:57:40.549 HappyMan’s First Program[2451:403] index: 2, value: BrightMan

2012-10-03 22:57:40.549 HappyMan’s First Program[2451:403] 陣列的第1個位置，值為WaterMan

繼續做NSMutableArray的練習吧～

參考：Objective-C 陣列物件、NSArray Class Reference、Objective-C 入門指南 – NSArray。